Learning | It's About Learning

Doing my homework on homework

Dwayne Harapnuik — August 2, 2019 — Leave a comment

In a recent conversation about the effectiveness of homework with one of my graduate students, I did a quick search of my site (my ePortfolio) to pull together and share what I have learned about homework over the years and realized that it had been quite a while that I had looked at the research on homework. I scanned a few academic databases and ran a Google scholar search which revealed that there was a small increase in activity from 2007 – 2009 which was shortly after Alfie Kohn (2006) had published The Homework Myth: Why Our Kids Get Too Much of a Bad Thing but not that much has been published since then. Unless there is some groundbreaking research that I have missed that overturns the research that has been conducted the past several decades there is still no support for the idea of assigning homework at any age. The following resources should provide a useful starting point for your own investigation:

Does Homework Improve Learning? (Chapter 2 of The Homework Myth)– If you don’t have time to read Kohn’s full book and just want the facts then this chapter points to the data and offers a useful summary. I still recommend reviewing Kohn’s full book to see what really should be done regarding homework.

Rethinking Homework – This short essay points to why homework doesn’t work and include 9 recommendations to do instead of assigning typical homework.

2014 Brown Center Report on American Education: How Well Are American Students Learning? Part II of the report confirms that little has changed since 1987 and the report confirms that:

high stakes testing and competition for college have fueled a nightly grind that is stressing out children and depriving them of play and rest, yet doing little to raise achievement, especially in elementary grades.

But Homework is Still the Norm
While Kohn takes a very hard stance against homework, the reality is that homework is still the norm despite the research. Therefore it is important to point to how homework can be conducted more effectively.

Ending the Homework Debate: Expert Advice on What Works – This post and site point to the fact that aspects of doing homework can be beneficial if one shifts the focus from piling on the work to helping learners learn how to learn. The benefits of deepened understanding, critical thinking skills and developing discipline can be realized if homework focuses on paced repetition, retrieval practice, desirable difficulties, and deliberate practice.

The Scientific America article What Works, What Doesn’t points to the five key practices will help a student do well on the test. These practices include :

Self Testing – Quizzing yourself gets you high marks
Distributed Practice – For best results spread your study over time
Elaborate Interrogation – Channel your inner four-year-old
Self Explanation – How do I know
Interleaved Practice – Mixing apples and oranges.

The article also points to what doesn’t work which includes; highligting, rereading and several other practices which students, unfortunately, fall back on.

Preparing Students for Life not just for the Test
If we really want to help our students learn then we need to shift the focus from passing the test to preparing them for life.

This Will Make You Rethink Improving Student Achievement – John Hattie’s warns just because we can show some type of improvement in achievement that doesn’t mean that anything goes and that we should continue to do what we have always done in the classroom. On the contrary, Hattie points to his research that shows we need to focus on those things that will move student achieve beyond the average effect size. We need to do those things that will help our students learn the most like formative feedback from a trusted mentor and visible and mastery learning. We must also acknowledge that class sizes, rigor, and homework and so many other things which have a smaller than average impact on achievement should not be allowed to drive what we do in our schools.

Not Suited for School BUT Suited for Learning: Implications – This is a very personal post because it focuses on my older son’s experience with the system of education and how his focus on going till knows and being able to fully understand concepts before moving on is not compatible with the high stakes testing system that our children are conditioned to perform in starting at an early age.

The fundamental question we need to come back to is are we preparing our students for the test or for life? Ideally, we should be preparing them for life but the system of education and credentialing also require that we prepare them for both. The challenge is to do both well.

In Learning homework, study, study skills

Life is your talents discovered – Sir Ken Robinson

Dwayne Harapnuik — July 31, 2019 — Leave a comment

“…one music teacher in Liverpool had half the Beatles in his class and he missed it…”

While this is humorous it is also a sad commentary on how the system of education is structured and as a result, misses intrinsic abilities. This isn’t necessarily the teacher’s fault. He or she was more than likely covering the curriculum and preparing students for the test.

In Learning creativity, Learning, Robinson, Talent, TED

The four-letter code to selling anything | Derek Thompson

Dwayne Harapnuik — July 10, 2019 — Leave a comment

In Learning, Video - Wednesday Watchlist MAYA, most advanced, Most advanced yet acceptable, yet acceptable

Dwayne’s DIY Video Setup – Part 3 LED Lighting Update

Dwayne Harapnuik — March 9, 2019 — Leave a comment

If you just want to jump ahead to my recommendations for a single key light LED system click here. Or if you want to understand why I have shifted to this setup continue reading…

When I first started creating videos for my courses several years ago, I had a very specific idea of the type of video that I believed I needed to create. I have always liked the clean and professional look of the minimalist videos with the pure white background where the subject seemed to just float in the frame. To produce this type of video shot I purchased a 3 piece lighting kit to set up the standard 3 point lighting format and then learned I needed two more lights to wash out the background and get the effect that I wanted (see post – Dwayne’s DIY Video Setup – Part 2 Lighting & Background). I also learned that this type of lighting requires a lot of space so by the time I set up my 10-foot wide background my video set up took up most of the space in our living room. It took 45 minutes to get everything in place so setting up and tearing down used up almost an hour and half of my time which I just didn’t have to spare. I stopped using the 5 point lighting system needed for the pure white background and shifted to using my white curtains in our living room and a more conventional 3 point lighting system. I talk about these lighting methods in the post – Dwayne’s DIY Video Setup – Part 2 Lighting & Background. While not having to set up the background and addition lights for the 5 point lighting format saved me about 10-15 minutes it still took a lot of time and also took up most of the space in our living room which interrupted daily life. I just couldn’t leave the lights, camera, and tripod up which means I had to plan out when I was shooting the videos and schedule my video recording when the house was empty which is not an easy task with 4 adults who work from home. If I had to re-shoot a video it made the most sense to do it on the same day to save setup and tear down time, so shooting videos became a bit of all-consuming process.

The time and the trouble that these videos were taking started to make me think about more efficient ways to set up and shoot videos in such a way that I could reduce the setup time and the physical space. Moving to LED lighting would be the logical move to save space on equipment setup so I started to explore ways I could use smaller LED lighting that I could leave up in my small office/workspace. As I have mentioned in other posts North Vancouver is one of the most expensive places to live in Canada so I don’t have a spare room I can use as an office. I am actually just working out of a corner our open concept living room so I have to be creative with my video setup.

I have also shifted my vision on the type of image or message I want to convey in my videos. Since I firmly believe my role is to help my learners learn how to learn I see myself as a learning facilitator, coach, and mentor, so I really don’t need to convey the perspective of being a video professional and the floating white background or other more studio focused perspective isn’t necessary. One could also argue that this look was actually contrary to my goal of being a coach and mentor. I can have bookshelves, pictures or other aspects of my workspace in the video frame because that is part of who I am. Over the past few years I have noticed a more conversational trend and shooting style on YouTube, so moving to this type of a video setup has enabled me to explore options that would allow me to keep my lighting and other production equipment set up on a more permanent basis. I have also been doing hundreds of desktop videos with an embedded headshot for student feedback so the coaching style headset that I use for these videos and minimal background has required minimal lighting. I have replaced some of the overhead lights in my workspace with daylight 6500K lights when combined with the natural light coming in from the patio doors I have enough light for these feedback videos.

I also shifted from the 3 point lighting system to a two-point system and now I am making a final shift to a single key light that is highly diffused. After experimenting with diffusion material draped in front of my main LED key light and a couple of full-size softbox options I have found a solution that gives me the soft lighting I want, is very easy to set up and has the added bonus of being inexpensive.

My final goal is to use one full-sized LED-based softbox as the key light for my videos that I can leave this light up all the time and simply turn it on when I need to shoot.

The Neewer 24” X 24″ Speedlite, Studio Flash, Speedlight, and Umbrella Softbox connected to a Neewer Swivel Light Stand Bracket with Umbrella Holder is light enough to not overwhelm the flex arm bracket that I have been using to mount my lights. The 24” X 24″ softbox gives me a large enough light dispersion and because of light is being bounced off the silver interior of the softbox I get an even softening of the light.

If I still want to do a more traditional 3 point system with a background or do a green screen I have also acquired some pop-up backgrounds that I can add directly behind me in just a couple of minutes.

Aputure Al-F7

So if I were to start from scratch today what would I get? I would still purchase 3 lights that are required for a 3 point lighting system but I wouldn’t just buy a kit. The first kit I purchased several years ago worked out well but it really did limit my options and I found myself shifting my set up to the constraints of the equipment. The power and control of LED lighting are simply amazing and are only getting better. The small Aputure AL-F7 LED light that I am using as my key light is powerful enough and the Neewer 24″X24″ softbox is the right size to fit well in my small space. It also is color balanced and I am able to shift it from the warmer 3500K all the way up to 9000K which is cooler and brighter and allows me to take advantage of diffusion to soften the look and create wonderful shadows that lead to a very natural look.

My secondary LED fill light is the ESDDI 176 which is also powerful enough to be a secondary key or fill light but it doesn’t have the range of the Aputure AL-F7 so it is considerably cheaper. Like the Aputure AL-F7 this is a dimmable light and also as a good color balance so it won’t adversely impact your lighting hues. I recommend purchasing two of these inexpensive lights since they can be used as either a background or fill light.

ESDDI-176

As I mentioned I have been experimenting with softboxes and diffusion so the inexpensive smaller softboxes that I have in my workspace pictures above will work but you will need to rig up some velcro to attach these softboxes to the Aputure AL-F7 and ESDDI 176 because the softboxes are actually designed for another LED light. Diffusion material is also a very inexpensive way to soften the light and it doesn’t take much to rig up a light stand or simply a rod to drape the cloth over. While this mini softboxes work relatively well and could be convenient to use in a mobile setting the Neewer 24″X24″ softbox attached to the Neewer Swivel Light Stand Bracket with Umbrella Holder enables me to use the full potential and power of my Aputure AL-F7 light. I get the most balanced light with these two softboxes because it is reflected. I am currently using two of these softboxes with the Aputure AL-F7 as my key light mounted slightly higher and the ESDDI 176 positioned slightly lower as my fill.

Even though I have mounted my key and fill light to the walls using studio wall/ceiling mount brackets and flex arms I am still using the light stands that came with my first lighting kit for an assortment of purposes like suspending my pop-up background or holding a reflector panel. You can pick up a pair of inexpensive Amazon Basics Light Stands for under $25. These are not the most robust stands but if you aren’t going to setting them up and taking them down on a daily basis these will work quite well if you are careful when you use them. If you expect to be using your equipment in a mobile setting you can always purchase more robust and expensive equipment. Or if you have the time you can scour Craigslist and pick up great deals on slightly used equipment and can often find higher quality equipment on sale for a fraction of the retail price.

The last part of this move to the new more compressed workspace and video setup is dealing with power. The lights that I am using all us the Sony NP-F batteries. These are industry standard rechargeable batteries that have been used by professional photographers and videographers for many years. The NP-F batteries come in a variety of charge capacities and since LED lights draw very little current, you can power an LED light for a considerable time with these batteries. The battery power also enables me to use these lights in a variety of settings where power may not be available. Both the Aputure AL-F7 and the ESDDI 176 can also be powered via a charger or in the case of the Aputure a USB C cable which means plug into a stand USB charging adapter or you can also use an assortment of portable battery bricks.

If you want to get the most bang for your buck, want to set up lighting that is not only semi-permanent but still flexible, and can be used in a very small space then you will want to consider the following list. Even if you don’t have a small space the power of the Aputure AL-F7 light will work in bigger spaces without having to upgrade to a larger Aputure LED panel like the Aputure Amaran AL-528 which is more costly.

If you don’t want to mix and match and buy all the components separately I have noticed that Neewer has released a Photography Bi-color Dimmable LED Softbox Lighting kit that includes two dimmable LED lights, softboxes, and stands for approximately $160 CDN or less than $100 for a similar system in the US so this could a great way to get a basic two light LED kit.

A few months back I watched the DSLR Video Shooter video Entire Youtube Studio Setup ON ONE DESK! and as a result of seeing this setup, I incorporated a new mounting system and will be exploring the Neewer’s Rollable 30x53cm Flexible LED Light Panel Mats in my continual pursuit of reducing the size of my video recording space.